Thermal Pollution
The heat that harms aquatic life
What is Thermal Pollution?
Thermal pollution is the degradation of water quality by any process that changes ambient water temperature. A common cause is the use of water as a coolant by power plants and industrial manufacturers.
When water used as a coolant is returned to the natural environment at a higher temperature, the sudden change in temperature decreases oxygen supply and affects ecosystem composition.
Causes
- Water used as coolant in power plants
- Industrial wastewater discharge
- Soil erosion (exposing water to more sun)
- Deforestation of shorelines
- Urban runoff from hot surfaces
Preventive Measures
- Use of cooling towers or ponds
- Artificial lakes for cooling
- Water recycling in industries
- Planting trees along water bodies
- Strict regulations on thermal discharge