Thermal Pollution

The heat that harms aquatic life

Thermal Pollution

What is Thermal Pollution?

Thermal pollution is the degradation of water quality by any process that changes ambient water temperature. A common cause is the use of water as a coolant by power plants and industrial manufacturers.

When water used as a coolant is returned to the natural environment at a higher temperature, the sudden change in temperature decreases oxygen supply and affects ecosystem composition.

Causes

  • Water used as coolant in power plants
  • Industrial wastewater discharge
  • Soil erosion (exposing water to more sun)
  • Deforestation of shorelines
  • Urban runoff from hot surfaces

Preventive Measures

  • Use of cooling towers or ponds
  • Artificial lakes for cooling
  • Water recycling in industries
  • Planting trees along water bodies
  • Strict regulations on thermal discharge